Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Individual Practice Test

Which therapeutic approach uses relaxation methods in the presence of anxiety-producing stimuli?

1. Cognitive behavioral therapy

2. Systematic desensitization

3. Group therapy

4. Client-centered therapy

The correct answer is: Systematic desensitization

The chosen answer, systematic desensitization, is a therapeutic approach specifically designed to help individuals reduce their anxiety responses to anxiety-producing stimuli through a structured process. This method involves gradually exposing a person to the feared object or context while simultaneously employing relaxation techniques. The foundational idea is rooted in classical conditioning, where the anxiety-inducing stimulus is presented in a controlled environment, allowing the individual to slowly acclimate to it without experiencing overwhelming anxiety. In systematic desensitization, the process typically unfolds in three steps: teaching the client relaxation techniques, developing a hierarchy of anxiety-inducing situations, and gradually exposing them to these situations while they apply the relaxation techniques. This allows for the pairing of relaxation with the previously anxiety-provoking stimuli, effectively reducing the anxiety response over time. Other therapeutic approaches mentioned do not utilize relaxation methods in the same manner. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors but does not specifically employ relaxation techniques against anxiety-inducing stimuli. Group therapy involves discussing issues within a supportive group context but does not directly revolve around desensitizing anxiety responses. Client-centered therapy emphasizes unconditional positive regard and empathetic listening rather than specific techniques for desensitizing anxiety. Thus, systematic desensitization is particularly distinctive for its structured use